These conditions involve inflammation, pain, and overuse injuries in and around the elbow joint, forearm, and tendons.

1. Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis)

• Cause: Overuse or repetitive stress on the extensor tendons of the forearm, particularly where they attach to the lateral epicondyle (outer part of the elbow).

• Common Activities: Tennis, typing, painting, gardening, and repetitive gripping.

• Affected Area: Outer part of the elbow.

2. Golfer’s Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis)

• Cause: Overuse or repetitive stress on the flexor tendons that attach to the medial epicondyle (inner part of the elbow).

• Common Activities: Golf, weightlifting, pitching, carpentry, or any activity involving wrist flexion.

• Affected Area: Inner part of the elbow.

3. Tenosynovitis

• Definition: Inflammation of the tendon sheath (the protective covering of tendons), usually caused by repetitive movements or infections.

• Common Sites: Wrist, fingers, elbow, or ankles.

• Common Causes: Repetitive activities, injury, autoimmune conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), or infections.

Physiotherapy treatment can help in treating all these conditions:

1. Manual Therapy

• Soft Tissue Mobilization: Reduces tension in the forearm muscles and tendons.

• Trigger Point Release: Relieves muscle knots and spasms causing pain.

• Joint Mobilization: Restores elbow and wrist mobility by improving joint mechanics.

2. Pain Management Techniques

• Electrotherapy:

  • TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) to reduce pain.

  • Ultrasound Therapy to decrease inflammation and promote tissue healing.

• Cryotherapy (Cold Therapy): Reduces pain and swelling in acute phases.

• Heat Therapy: Relaxes tight muscles and improves blood flow.

3. Stretching Exercises

Gentle stretches help improve flexibility and reduce strain on tendons.

4. Strengthening Exercises

Once pain subsides, strengthening helps prevent recurrence.

5. Kinesiology Taping or Bracing

• Elbow Strap or Brace: Provides support, reduces strain on the tendons, and helps manage pain during activities.

• Kinesiology Tape: Supports muscles and tendons without restricting movement.

6. Postural Correction

A physiotherapist will guide you on:

• Workstation Adjustments

• Activity Modification

8. Home Exercise Program

A physiotherapist will design a personalized program with:

• Stretching and strengthening exercises.

• Proper warm-up and cool-down techniques.

• Instructions on avoiding overuse and managing flare-ups.