Frozen Shoulder, also known as Adhesive Capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness, pain, and limited range of motion in the shoulder joint. It occurs when the capsule surrounding the shoulder joint becomes inflamed, thickened, and tight, leading to adhesions (scar-like tissues).

Physiotherapy is one of the most effective non-surgical treatments for frozen shoulder. The goals of physiotherapy are:

1. Reduce pain and inflammation.

2. Improve range of motion and flexibility.

3. Restore shoulder strength and function.

1. Manual Therapy

• Joint Mobilization:

  Gentle mobilization techniques improve the movement of the shoulder joint capsule, particularly in the frozen and thawing stages.

• Soft Tissue Mobilization:

  Massage and myofascial release reduce muscle tension around the shoulder.

2. Stretching Exercises

Targeted stretches help break adhesions and improve flexibility.

3. Range of Motion (ROM) Exercises

Gradual, controlled movements to restore shoulder mobility.

4. Strengthening Exercises

Once flexibility improves, strengthening exercises target the muscles supporting the shoulder.

5. Electrotherapy

• TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation): Provides pain relief by blocking pain signals.

• Ultrasound Therapy: Reduces inflammation and promotes tissue healing.

• Hot/Cold Therapy:

  • Heat therapy relaxes the muscles and improves blood circulation.

  • Cold therapy reduces pain and swelling during acute phases.

6. Postural Correction and Education

• Physiotherapists guide patients on maintaining proper posture to reduce stress on the shoulder.

• Advice on activity modification to avoid further irritation.

7. Home Exercise Program

Prescribe a set of customized exercises to perform at home, which is essential for maintaining progress between therapy sessions.